ATLANTA - Next to Sine Die, Crossover Day is one of the busiest and most important days of the legislative session at the Georgia State Capitol.
Crossover Day is the deadline by which a bill must pass either the House or the Senate to "crossover" to the other chamber and remain viable for this year.
Here are several noteworthy Georgia bills that
Catalytic converter thefts
The House approved a measure to make it illegal for anyone except a registered metal recycler to buy, sell, possess or transport a detached catalytic converter in Georgia.
The bill passed by a vote of 134 to 37.
'Georgia Educational Freedom Act'
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Senate fails to pass school vouchers bill
A student would have received a "scholarship" for private schools if they attended a public school for at least six weeks.
A bill to create vouchers to help students attend private schools failed in the Senate.
Under the "Georgia Educational Freedom Act," the state would offer $6,000 "scholarships" to students to put toward tuition, books or tutoring. To qualify, a student must have attended a Georgia public school for at least six weeks.
"This is an opportunity for us to give students that are trapped in school systems that are underperforming an opportunity to move forward," said state Sen. Butch Miller, R-Gainesville, the bill's primary sponsor.
Opponents, however, argued that the program would only benefit families that could already afford private school and take away much-needed funding from public schools. Some also pointed out that $6,000 is more money than is typically allocated per student in public education.
"I'm not going to support and I urge you not to support a bill that's fiscally irresponsible," said state Sen. Nan Orrock, D-Atlanta. "It takes taxpayer money and it pours it into private schools with limited oversight and limited accountability."
Senate Bill 601 failed by a vote of 29 to 20.
Horse racing and parimutuel betting
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Bill to legalize horse racing fails in Senate
A bill to amend the state constitution fell short of the votes required. More senators voted for the bill than against it but the amendment requires a two-thirds majority. A motion to reconsider passed.
The future of a pair of push to bring horse racing to the state is less certain.
In order to legalize horse racing and pari-mutuel betting, voters would have to approve an Amendment to the Georgia Constitution. Senate Resolution 131 puts a question on the ballot failed to get the required two-thirds vote.
"I am disappointed in my colleagues. I really was hoping you would let this go to the ballot," said state Sen. Jeff Mullis, R-Chickamauga.
Sen. Mullis made a motion for the Senate to reconsider, which passed. So, that bill could come up for another vote by the end of the day.
Georgia gas tax suspension
The Senate Rules Committee will soon take up the bill that would temporarily suspend the collection of state motor vehicle taxes after the Georgia Senate Finance committee approved it on Tuesday. A full vote on the Senate floor is expected soon.
House Bill 304 would pause the tax through May 31 after gas prices soared to record highs in Georgia because of Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
A levy of 29.1 cents per gallon for gasoline and 32.6 cents per gallon for diesel would be included.
Suspending collections could subtract more than $400 million from road building.
The governor plans to use part of last year’s surplus to replace the money.
Protests
Senate Bill 171 has advanced.
The bill requires a permit for any assembly, increases criminal penalties for protests, makes it a felony to block a highway or deface a monument, lets people sue local governments if protests turn violent, and makes it legal for someone to run over someone else while fleeing a protest if the person fleeing believed their life was in danger.
Lawmakers and pensions
House Bill 824, which would increase lawmaker pensions by about 40%, is moving forward.
Also, pay for Georgia’s 180 House members and 56 senators would rise to 60% of the state median household income, rising to about $36,000, if voters approved under House Resolution 842.
Senate terms
Senate Resolution 623 would create four-year Senate terms beginning in 2024, instead of the current two-year terms, if voters approve the state constitutional amendment.
The bill crossed over Tuesday.
Medical marijuana
Senate Bill 609 and House Bill 1425 would change how licenses are granted under the state’s medical marijuana program in an attempt to jump-start a licensing process tied into knots by legal challenges.
The two bills will eventually be reconciled before heading to the governor's office, if passed.
Income tax cuts
House Bill 1437 is moving ahead.
The bill would cut Georgia state income taxes by more than $1 billion.
Republicans said it simplifies the state’s tax system while providing relief.
It would create a flat state income tax with a 5.25% rate, raise the amount of income exempt from taxation, and eliminate many deductions.
Constitutional carry
House Bill 1358 and Senate Bill 319 would abolish Georgia’s requirement for a background check and license to carry a handgun in public.
Both chambers made strides towards passing the bill before Tuesday's deadline.
Republicans said it infringes on Second Amendment gun rights for people to have to apply for a permit and pay a fee, usually about $75.
Critical race theory
House Bill 1084 and Senate Bill 377 would ban the teaching of certain racial concepts that Republicans said are divisive.
Opponents said the measure would frighten teachers away from an honest classroom discussion of race in history and the present.
The bill has found traction and is advancing.
Transgender athletes
Transgender boys and girls would be banned from playing on the school sports teams matching their gender identity under Senate Bill 435.
The bill made it past Crossover Day.
'Parents Bill of Rights
House Bill 1178 and Senate Bill 449 put into one law a number of parental rights that already exist including saying parents have the right to review all classroom materials.
Social media regulation
Senate Bill 393, which seeks to prohibit social media platforms from removing or censoring content, has moved forward.
COVID-19 mandates
Senate Bill 345 would prevent state agencies and local governments from requiring COVID-19 vaccines.
Senate Bill 514, also known as the "Unmask Georgia Students Act," would allow parents to exclude their children from mask mandates.
Both bills were advanced before Tuesday's Crossover Day deadline.
Abortion
Senate Bill 456 has advanced.
The bill would require a woman to get an in-person exam from a physician before the doctor could prescribe her abortion pills and bar delivery by mail without such an exam.
'Freedom to Farm Act'
House Bill 1150 would enhance protections for farmers against nuisance lawsuits by neighbors over problems such as odors.
The bill will be advancing.
‘Reducing Street Homelessness Act of 2022’
Senate Bill 535, which would have made it a misdemeanor for anyone to set up camp on public property, did not advance.
It would have punished cities that didn’t enforce the ban by denying money to local governments and nonprofits.
Distracted driving
Senate Bill 203 would have let drivers use cellphones mounted to their windshield or dashboard while at traffic lights and stop signs.
It got shot down in the Senate.
Felony bail
Senate Bill 504 would require cash bail for a judge to release from jail anyone charged with any felony.
It passed the Senate 30-22.
Voting
House Bill 1464 would let people inspect paper ballots after an election, allow only the State Election Board to accept private donations for election administration and let the Georgia Bureau of Investigation examine election fraud claims.
The bill passed 98-73. A motion to reconsider the passed bill failed 101-70, crossing the bill over into the Senate.
Campaign finance
Senate Bill 580 would prohibit leadership campaign committees that are affiliated with members of the General Assembly from taking contributions while lawmakers are in session.
It has not yet come to a full vote on the Senate floor
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The Associated Press contributed to this report